Complete blood count (also – automated blood testing)
The complete blood count (CBS) is one of the most frequently performed lab tests which helps doctors diagnose different health disorders such as anaemia, various infections and blood cancers; it also allows the overall health of the patient to be assessed. A complete blood count is prescribed not only to diagnose diseases but also to evaluate the effectiveness of a treatment and monitor a medical condition after it has been diagnosed.
Parameters to be taken into account
Leukocytes (WBC)
Leukocytes, also called white blood cells, are a manifestation of the body’s immune system responding to a potential disease. An increase in leukocytes could mean that an inflammation process is happening in the body, for example, that there is a bacterial infection that the immune system is fighting. In some cases, changes in leukocyte levels, particularly if the count is considerably elevated, may indicate a blood cancer.
Erythrocytes (RBC)
Erythrocytes, or red blood cells, carry oxygen and other blood gases. When the erythrocyte concentration in the blood increases, it means that internal organs are not sufficiently supplied with oxygen, which may be due to different heart, lung and kidney diseases, hormonal imbalance or dehydration, hence the need for more detailed testing. The drop in erythrocyte levels is characteristic of anaemia, which can also be linked to different causes, like iron, vitamin B12 or folic acid deficiency and various other chronic and parasitic diseases, therefore, additional testing here is also needed in order to find out the real reason for the decrease in the number of red blood cells.
Haemoglobin (HGB)
Haemoglobin is closely related to erythrocytes—it is the protein that transports oxygen to the body tissues. Generally, it is the decrease in haemoglobin concentration that is the first warning sign of potential anaemia (usually iron deficiency anaemia), because haemoglobin blood levels drop much quicker than erythrocyte levels and one of the most important haemoglobin components is iron.
Thrombocytes (PLT)
Thrombocytes, or platelets, are the smallest blood cells responsible for blood clotting. Factors that drive thrombocyte levels up range from stress and increased physical activity to chronic infections and oncological diseases. There is also a range of health conditions that can drive thrombocyte concentration down. Often the level of these blood cells falls as a consequence of medication and hormonal medicine use, also, due to viral and oncological diseases.
Neutrophils (NE)
Neutrophils are the most abundant cells among leukocytes, and their main function is to fight infection. Usually the neutrophil level rises if the patient has an infectious disease. Neutrophil concentrations also increase in the presence of connective tissue diseases, malignant diseases and after the patient has had a myocardial infarction or lead poisoning. Neutrophil concentration decrease is rare in adults—if it occurs, it is usually caused by viral infections, vitamin B12 or folic acid deficiency, radioactive radiation or malignant diseases.
Lymphocytes (LY)
Lymphocytes are particularly important cells that make up to 30% of all leukocytes. Their main function is to build the body’s immune system. Lymphocyte concentration increase is usually caused by viral infections and also by chronic infections such as tuberculosis, syphilis or brucellosis. However, some viral infections, for example, HIV, hepatitis and flu, can, on the contrary, reduce the number of lymphocytes in the blood. Lymphocyte levels also drop as a consequence of zinc deficiency, protein loss, radioactive radiation, chemotherapy, and immunosuppressive medication use.
Eosinophils (EO)
Increased eosinophil concentration in the blood allows to suspect a possible allergic reaction, especially to a medicine, also, parasitic infection and some skin and connective tissue diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and adrenal failure.
Basophils (BA)
These blood cells participate in immediate allergic reactions, during which their concentration increases. Therefore, high basophil levels can suggest that the patient might be allergic to medication, food or other domestic triggers. On the contrary, basophil concentration might be low when the patient has rheumatoid arthritis or experiences a lot of stress or during ovulation.
Alongside the parameters above, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), the percentage of erythrocytes in the total blood volume (HCT), mean cell volume (MCV) and mean platelet volume (MPV), mean cell haemoglobin (MCH), mean cell haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and other parameters are measured, which enables a comprehensive evaluation of the test results. Increased sedimentation rate (ESR) points to a potential infection, joint disease, cancer or other pathology.
It is important to remember that test values should not be assessed in isolation, and they can only be properly interpreted by a qualified doctor. Deviation of one or other parameter may indicate certain diseases but in order for the diagnosis to be confirmed, comprehensive testing is needed.
Everyone should have a complete blood count at least once a year in order to find potential diseases in time, evaluate the overall health of the patient and plan ways to improve any potential problem before it is too late.
You do not need to schedule an appointment in advance to be tested.
How to prepare for a blood test?
Bearing in mind that blood parameter values may fluctuate even within the span of a day, it is recommended to have a blood sample drawn in the morning, ideally before 10 a.m. The patient should avoid physical activity, stress, abstain from smoking and alcohol before the test.
Also, for some blood tests the doctor may instruct the patient to suspend the use of certain medication or have the test only after the prescribed course of medication has been finished. Having blood tests when menstruating is not recommended.
Test price
What factors affect the price?
The prices indicated below apply to citizens of the Republic of Lithuania and the European Union.
If you are coming from another country please check the price by telephoning or sending an email.
Why it is worth
To be examined at our Centre?
- We perform high quality tests which has been confirmed by the ISO 15189 certification of our laboratory.
- The results of the tests performed in our laboratory are explained by our staff, a service that is provided by only a few laboratories in the country.
- We can do additional tests for autoimmune diseases, if needed, from the same blood sample taken up to 7 days previously. This is especially relevant for children or patients living in other towns!
- There is no risk of damage or mix-up of test samples during transportation, which statistically is one of the leading causes for ruined blood samples in labs.
Good to know
When is it best to have a blood test?
All blood tests are best done in the morning, when the person has not yet eaten, drunk alcohol, smoked, experienced stress or tension, as all of these factors may have an impact on blood test results. For instance, the level of leukocytes fluctuates during the day in relation to stress and tension experienced.
If you have not slept well, or if you feel tired, the level of neutrophils found in your blood may increase.
It is worth keeping in mind that when you want to monitor the effectiveness of the treatment and the dynamic of different parameters, it is important to have the tests repeated at the same lab because the results may differ based on different testing methods and norms applied in different labs.
What should your doctor know before prescribing a blood test?
Inform your doctor if you are taking medication. Some medication might distort the blood test results, for example, steroid medication can increase the amount of leukocytes in the blood and the test may show higher erythrocyte levels if the patient is taking vitamin B12, iron or folic acid supplements. Some medication hinders blood production, interfering with the amount of blood cells formed.
How will I get my test results?
- The report with the test results will be prepared in 2-3 hours on business days.
It can be picked up at the reception or we can send it via email at your request. - Unsure how to interpret the results? Call the lab, phone: (8 5) 247 64 22.